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About The Basin Progress and Mining Review (Basin, Mont.) 1904-1909 | View This Issue
The Basin Progress and Mining Review (Basin, Mont.), 30 July 1904, located at <http://montananewspapers.org/lccn/sn84036042/1904-07-30/ed-1/seq-7/>, image provided by MONTANA NEWSPAPERS, Montana Historical Society, Helena, Montana.
Pho en . i len up to the tavern \Oh the countfy road! at the farther end stone and gravel are scarce and the .\nd the pond so -And the church, where the dead lie asleep. rom the farm to the frozen pond, Nr low very much farther it always ie ‘vo the schoolhouse just beyond. it runs up hill and down, mer “— the woods and the rippling ‘roo To the tolling, rushing town. But, rg of it all when you're tired and sic Of the weary haunts of men, 1/ you follow i back, ic will ead you home ‘co the woods and fields again. —Gussie Packard Du Bois, in St, Nicholas. IMPROVED | DAD MAKING. An Interesting Thterview with the Secretary of Agriculture. The importance $f good roads is rec- ognized by all, and so is the expérnse necessary to produce them considered of equal significance. Upon the sub- ject. William E. Curtis, in the Chicago lievord, says: “Secretary Wilson has given directions to Gen, Roy Stone, chiet of the bureau of good roads at the department of ner. to con- struct a sample steel roadway at the most convenient location he ean find at the Nashville exposition, where it may be seen and studied by the visit- ors who will atten during the sum- mer. Secretary Wilson thinks the steel trackway for wagons is the easi- est solution of the good-roads prob- lem, particularly in the west, where. soil.is div and sticky. “No road material promises so much hope to the western farmers as thé flat bars of steel at the present cost’ of manufacture,” said the retary, “and I propose to have sample roads built, not only at.the Nashville ex- position, but at different points throughout the country, where they will afford practical object lessons to sounty commissioners and other of- licials having the: highways under their charge. The steel manufacturers are taking hold of the matter: with ’ HON. JAMES WILSON. “(Secretary rtment of Agriculture.) nuch interest,\and are making experi- nents on their own account, which yave already brought out valuable wiggestions as to the details of con- struction. . The Cambria Iron company »f Johnstown, Pa,, has. joined heartily n the work of the department, and is ‘ooperating in the development of yur plans. The result has been that ‘ery promising designs and methods xf construction ‘have . been evolved, uflicient, at least, for experimental onstruction, and the Cambria com- vany will soon be prepared tg furnish he trackway for experiments or for arger use. é “The advantage of the steel roads n the reduction of the pull required. o move a load from an average of pounds per ton on macadam road o cight pounds on the steel track is ‘ailicient to overcome many objed- jons,” continued the secretary; “but, n fact, the objections to steel roads 1ave mainly disappeared under the resent investigations. The obstacle wf original expense is overcome by he reduced price of material, and the tnticipated high cost of maintenance woided by doing away entirely with vood in the ¢onstruction. “The danger of horses slipping on the ‘ail in going up.and down hill is met vy indenting the raile used on grades ‘ufficiently to catch the calks of the thocs without roughing the tread -for. vhecls. “The difficulty of low joints is met 1y making the joint stronger than any ther part of the track, and the dan- ter_of forming a rut_alongside the ail is overcome by making every rail oint serve as a ‘remount’ for wheels. “he form of -rail is an in- ‘erted trough With a. slightly-raised wad on the inside. The rail is im- nilded in gravel Iaid in a trench vhich is wel] drained. A little: gravel s spread between the rails for the 1orse path. The rails are tied to- rether at the ends and in the middle. fhe present design is for an eight- nch tread, seven-sixteenths of an neh thick. “In addition to the, steel road, .an- viher recent d » isin the. di- -.cetion of building object y“roads at ericultural colleges and experiment tations,” continued the secretary ‘im accordance with the nade by congress for aiding those in- stitmtions in disseminating wien ‘| work and instruct students and vis ‘| and send the remainder. the aokus t free i the county or authorities provide the material, and the labor of men and teams, and the government furnishes an engineer to oversee thx ) itors, and pays for one or two skilled } operators forthe machines. In this manner a very slight outlay of public gin at the New Jersey agricultural col- lege, at New Brunswick, whefe a func of about $3,000 will be provided by the local authorities, and at Geneva, N. Y.. where contributions have been made by the city, the t station and private individuals amounting to about $7,000. “In sections where stone is very scarce,” said Secretary Wilson, “as in central Illinois, ts are be- ing made for the construction of brick roads, At Monmouth a road has been made of a single sourse of vitrified brick set on edge, laid on sand,seven feet wide between curbs of oak plank and borders of broken stone to a dis- tance of two feet on each side. This road has not been in use long enough to be fully tested, but has given a very favorable impression at the outset. It has been recommended that an experi- ment be made with brick trackways for wheels and gravel between for the tread of horses, and it is quite pos- sible that steel trackways may be at itably substituted for brick. “Gravel roads cost less than macadam and vary from $1,000, to $2,000 per mile. The seven-foot brick road. , at Monmouth, Ill., cost 90 cents per‘run- ning foot, or $4,750 per mile. The eight- foot brick roads at Cleveland, range from $8,000 to $13,000 per mile, but this included heavy grading. Matérial-for steel roads of the heaviest class of pres- ent design cost, in small quantity, about $3,500 per mile. The amount of ma- terial, however, is less than 100 tons per mile, and if the present prices of steel should be maintained material for long lines of road could be furnished for about $2,000 per mil®. The lighter class of steel rails for ordinary country roads need not exceed 50 tons per mile, and need not cost much ovey$1,000 per mile. The cost of grading tna | track-laying will -be additional, but that-need not be heavy on the western prairies, for the ‘rails are all prepared to be bolted to- gether.” HINTS FROM MICHIGAN. Cooperative Road Making in Allegan County Is a Success.* Among the first things that should interest the farmer—next to the finan- cial question—should be good roads, in order that they can get their produce bio market in the shortest time by draw- ing larger loads, Have’ had some ex- perience in this matter, and will give the readers of your valuable paper the results of my experience. My farm is located three miles cast of the coun- ty Seat; the soil is clay part of the way On the clay soil we révinded or turn- piked” the road well up from each side from two and one-half to three feet; on the sand road not quite so much. On the top we placed clay about a foot thick in center, so water would run off into ditch on either side, thereby leaving roadbed free from standing water.’ The first and principal point in permanent roadmaking is to keep the water off. Graveling-is another impor- tant thing; unless done right the road will be made even worse than before. About eight yards of gravel to the rod should be used, as free from stones as possible. Wout? throw out all large ones raked off once or twice during the first two or three years, filling the-ruts by raking or’ scraping with road scraper. Begin your roa@making at ‘the far- thest point away in your road district. As soon as you pass a man’s farm his interest naturally begins to lag. By starting on the outside and working:in every man is interest until the last load is drawn. We had some opposi- tion at the start for commencing waere we did, but before we got through all were satisfied. Inf our case the town board, by appropriation, paid the men who shoveled on wagons, and also a man to spread the gravel on the road. We farmers donated the team work and also got some cash donations from outside parties. The town graded and xed the road ready to receive the gravel. Now, why could not similar arrange- ments be made and carried out in other localities?_ It is of the utmost impor- tance to the farmer, and likewise to the business man, as a road of this kind can be used every dny in the year and much hedvier loads may be drawn— surely an important item.—W. H. War- ner, Jr., in Rural World. ” Spray Karly and Often. Don’t neglect to spray your fruit trees this spring. Neglect of this is about the costliest mistake that can be made in caring for an orchard, Within & week after the blossoms fall spray the trees with paris green. Put one pound of paris green in 250 gallons of water and stir often while it is being used, as the poison sinks to the bottom in a few minutes. If this mixture is to be used on peach trees, one pound of quick lime should be added, as the paris green hurts the — if the lime is not added. ” City People and the Country. The Leaveaworth (Kan.) Times, ip an editorial on the “Good Roads Move- ment,” says, after speaking of the im- portance of good roads to the farmer and ruralist: “In the ities would not the people be healthier, happier, more hopefal—would not life be sweeter.qnd more refined, if there was a more fre- quent habit of seeking the fields and woods and country villages? Nothing jon on the subject of road building. hasnow been established op Weartitebecs ot reeds war hleh sf oh he mamaactrgey Of rad machinery has weaned from their love of the country so much as badroads—deep -{80 in our quality of Americans, espe- stones when drawn and have small | - A NEWLY-COINED WORD. \' An Ugly One andthe Thing It Stands Fer Has Very Ugly : — Any familiarity with continental jour- nalism and periodical literature brings the reader in these days face to face at every turn with the newly-coined word “arrivism,” and with dissertations on the modern tendency which it repre-. sents. The wordis a very ugly one, says Scribrer’s, and the thing ~ which it stands for certainly has very ugly as-. ects; but it is doubtful whether we can. dismiss, as insignificant, either the one or — the other. Doubtful whether we can do cially. The conservative European, Who is rasped and abraided by the general rawness resulting from the doctrine that the most of the time spent in preparation for the achievement of the ends of life is time wasted, and that the wise course to pursue is simply to “get there,” and to learn by doing or enjoying instead of learning to do or enjoy, does not hesi- tate to say that it is the American and his Americanism that are primarily re- sponsible for the doctrine. And he is right. We have, in effect, a new way of re- | garding human existence and the human — career, in this particular. We are in- clined to apologize for this new way at © times, and at times to assert with un- necessary iveness that it is the only right way. In reality, we probably ought to do neither. The matter is still on trial. Whether “arrivism” be humanly pos- sible; when pushed to its logical limits, whether it will give:us more out of life of less, is what we do do not yet know and cannot yet tell. But it is the-con- temporaneous problem, and one surely” calling for meditation and experiment. SIMPLE BOOKKEEPING. Lead Pencil May Be Used Just as Well as Pen and Ink, Says One Who Knows. axtetnd to the books, says Victor Rob- artson, in Credit Men’s Bulletin. The simplest-is always the best meth- od of expression. Why use a pen, pen- holder, ink and erasers, when a pencil with a rubber on the end will supply all jJemands better, cheaper, and with less labor? Is there any good reason why a retail merchant should not keep his books in ead pencil? One of Chicago's largest wholesale: houses does, If pencil is used, then the books used 2an be of cheaper paper and correspond- ingly less éxpensive. Therefore, I think 3 retail merchant's books should be kept with a hard lead or indelible pencil. It is easier, cleaner, takes less time, and makes the correction of errors quicker and casier. Ink is no-safeguard against errors or dishonesty. A man can falsify and steal as easily through ink as through pencil. Bookkeeping is only memorandum work, anyhow. Make it as simple and sasy as possible. Don't waste profit in ink. It is the little leaks that eat up the profits. - Unnecessary labor is a leak. Expensivé paper in books is wasteful. I believe in cheap paper and pencils, bright boys or girls who can add and subtract, and good comomn sense busi- ness judgment to tell them how to put the figures down so they will add up something to show the movement of the business. UNLOADING WATERMELONS. | Work That Calls for Activity and Not @ Little Skill in Tossing and Catching. a “Play ball!” said a stalwart looking young man standing on a big truckload of watermelons backed up-to the curb in front of the store at which the melons were to be delivered, and a momert later he had tossed the first big and solid green globe to a man standing in the midd)e of the sidewalk, who tossed it to a man standing at the front of the store, where the watermelons were to be piled, says the New York Sun. And then these three men kept the watermelons going through the air till the whole load had been transferred from the truck and stacked up in a pile at the #re coor. This is the common way in which watermelons are unload- ed, and in which they cam be shifted a good ‘deal quicker than they could be by. picking them up and carrying them in. It is strenuous work, and work that calls for skill, too, tossing and catching watermelons; but the men that handle watermelons handle many loads thus and get well accustomed to the work in the course of the searon, and they trans- fer load after load without mishap. But even an expert watermelon catch- er may muff a ball occasionally, and when he does they never stop t9 mither up ‘the fragments. “It is quite beyond repair. Much-Directed Roads, The Ifish railways are said to have more directors in proportion to their size, importance and edrning capacity than any similar corporations in the world. They average one director to every ‘20 miles of road. In 1872. when an effort was made to have the roads brought ander the supervision of the state, they averaged one director to every six miles of road. At that time there were 66 roads, averaging 48 miles fn length. They had 430 directors, 56 solicitors, 56 secretaries and 70 cngie- cers. Dancerous Vishtog, | + , Killing fish by the tse o explosives The fate which bei ell two men in Brit- sh Columbia who were usin dynamite in this wa) War an ‘wpressive re ee of Che cagipeer helst-by his own peard, They lost their lives by carelessness in handling the explosive, and becamefood for fishes themselves. : ' The supervision of eyery store should | otight not to be peimittes aaywnere, | Department Rubber Goods~ Main Street, Call in and Examine Goods The best Goods that money can” ‘purchase are carried in the Grocery | Clover Leaf Butter Gold Heart Flour Furnishing Goods A Complete Line of Men and Children Shoes All First Quality ~~ ‘Hardware,. Hay.and Grain, Powder, Fuse and Miners Supplies of all Kinds. | AT THE LOWEST | MARKET rae ae COR A AO Ro D. Driscoll & Co, Basin, Mont, ‘STAR LIVE Contract Work ™. DWARF PEAR TREES. They Prodace Excellent Crops With- in an Very Few Years. Farmers and others do not sufficient- ly appreciate the value of the dwarf pears. With these the setting out. of fruit trees is certainly not “planting for posterity,” whatever may be the case with standard trees. Dwarf pear trees are formed by gratt- ing péar«ions upon quince roots. The result is the making of a bush out of the pear stock. Another result is the very early bearing of the dwarf. A few planted ‘about one’s garden and grounds make ornamental shrubbery, DWARF PEAR TREE. and. jn avery few years are producing excellent crops. , Purchased by the hundred dwarf pear trees are inexpensive—from six to eleven dollars being charged at the nurseries for two-year-old trees from three to four feet in height. Care the surface of the ground, Dwarf pear trees, being small, can be cet cut in places where larger trees. could not well grow. A very excellent arrange- ment is to set them in a hedge-row oe the sides of one’s orchard or gar- den. They can be set as closely as 4%, ‘feet apart, provided they have a) plenty of sffhce on either side to let in | Stinshine and air. A row of these lit- remembered. Not ail vorieties of pears are suited to dwarf habit of growth, Thore | do well as standards will not al- satisfaction as dwarfs, but mire during and after rain, thick dust BE, 4 Se ' aad standard varieties, 4 Y ad FEE J, H. —— Proprietor Short Route ‘FAST TIME onnnilltens Minneapolis — & St. Paul Connecting with all Railways for NEWYORK,CHICAGO — And all points East and South, LOCAL TIME TABLE, No, 183 (West Bound) 10:35 A.M. \ 4gl ” * %co P.M, No, 152. (Bast Bound) 10:55 A. \ 184 » \ 9:35 P.M Full information from f Great Northern Railway. BASIN, MONTANA. GEORGE N, OSBORNE, Agwot : cus Heavy Teale - — dwarfs, do as well as the standards, if not better. Thus among the summer varieties that give excellent results is the dwarf form one may mention the Bartlett and Clapp's Favorite; among autumn varieties the Seckel and Duch- esse, and among winter varicties that “noblest Romarrof them all,” the Anjou, | and the Lawrence. There are other good pears that do well as dwarfs, but this gives a good selection for-home use. Every spring before the leaves start let a third of last seasdén’s growth be cut away, as severe pruning is essential for heavy fruiting. In localities where the winters are severe, a little mulching, at least for the first season, should be put about the trees in winter, and remember that pear trees, as well as all fruit trees, for that matter, are greatly bengfited by o liberal application of wood ashes to the soil. Give thém other fertilizers, too, but don't neglect to supply plenty of potash.-~ Set. out a few dwarf pear trees, and the chances are that you will like them so well that you will set out as many more a year from this spring. —N. Y. Tribune, ae VEGETABLE HOSPITAL. Established by the United States De- partment of Agriculture. A hospital under the care of Prof. B. T. Galloway, chief of the division of vegetable pathology, has been estahb- lished by the department of agricul- ture of the United States government for the treatement of sick plants. Dis- eases affecting plants and vegetables, as well as remedies, are investigated. The work will not only benefit farmers, bit all lovers of flowers. . A violet plant was placed under a glass jar, where it was provided with only poor. ventilq- tion. Germs of a disease known, to be injurious to the plant were mixed with water and sprayed upon it, Soon large yellow spots appeared upun the leaves, After the jar was removed the patient rapiully recovered, showing thatthe germs would have had no effect had the air in which the plant grew been fresh. The plante in a row-of young corn are given water in different quantities, | mixed with certain proportions of When hould be taken in setting the trees to salts, as found in natural soil. pet-the point where the pear ar d quince | certain strengths of salt are added the tock joins two inches at least below | little mouths of the hairlike tubes of ! the planta starve. Hie’ trees in fill bloom is @ sight.to be ; “rust.”-Chicago the roota through which the plants drink becorne so badly puckered that Plants growing in salt marshes and by the seaside.are sup- plied with larger mouths. By testing the amount of salt in his soil the farm- er can ascertain how healthy his corn is likely to be. Prof. Galloway is await- ing resulta from some very interesting experiments with the ieeieeee of wheat Ripening of Vyrait. Experiments made in to re- tard the ripening of fruit by keeping it at a steady low temperature have ee t some of the very , Steceeded well with apples, but not : mate tha as | with plums gr with vegetables, There are some hundreds of thous- ands more men than women in the Central and Western States of Amer- ica and in Canada. As a result thousands “ol trust- worthy, men—Farmers, Miners and othere—living in certain: districts there cannot possibly get we in thejr own neigborhood. But in England, Scotland, Intend and Wales there are a million more. women than men and, in these Coun- tries, thousands of good, intelligent — and attractive girls—many. of — daughters of farmers andailof qualified to make excellent seine seo nothing before them while they stay there but the prospect of living and dying as old maids and this, to them, is a decidedly unpleasant pros- pect. They would willingly emigrate to America, could they be assured ‘that they were going to meet worthy men there as husbands, and that they could look forward to happy, if hum- ble, homes on the other side ‘of the Atlantic. We may say that all of them could emigrate at their own expense. ~ We are prepared to give good men introductions to these girls. If you wish to get. an introduction please write us with such pai of yourself (age, nationality, tion and circumstances) as a girl would expect:to get and we shall write you in reply, with a view to bringing sbout a suitable intro- duction without undue delay, Tell us what kind of a wife, (age, nationality, appearance aod disposi- ion) you wish to get. If you have preference for any per- ticular Christian Sect please name it. You will also egetose our Fee of 6 dollars. ‘A further fee of 45 dollars will be due us within one month after - marriage, thus making 50 dollars al- together. selves to one introduction. We give as many as will be necessary until marriage. ' But we make no charge for any in- troduction after the payment of our suid Fee of 6 dollars for the first. It is not at all necessary that you’ should be a wealthy man. But it is necessary that you be a man who would make a kind and good husband to a good wife. If ‘you are not such a man please do not write ud Address: Messrs. Joun Lioro & Dowoax, Anglo-American Agents, * 91, St. Mary’s Road,Latte rE England. ‘al ‘We’ do not confine our- ~ :
