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About The Ekalaka Eagle (Ekalaka, Mont.) 1923-current | View This Issue
The Ekalaka Eagle (Ekalaka, Mont.), 02 March 1923, located at <http://montananewspapers.org/lccn/sn85053092/1923-03-02/ed-1/seq-2/>, image provided by MONTANA NEWSPAPERS, Montana Historical Society, Helena, Montana.
go\ 1,4.1 • • .1 EKALAKA EAGLE AND BEAVER VALLEY PRESS el TREASURE S r TE TAM AND MEW SHEEP WILL CLEAN UP ALL THE WASTE BAND OF WOOLIES IS NEEDED TO FARM PROPERLY AND SCIENTIFICALLY Turniag Sheep in on Fields in Fall Profitably Practiced in Various Parts of State; Valuable in Clean- ing up Tops of Sugar Beet Fields and in Cleaning Grain Fields. A small flock of sheep is as es- sential to the proper conduct of a farm as scientific farming for they will clean up the wastes of the farm by eating up the weeds, brush and cleanings and thus turn into cash what otherwise would he lost. Sheep make the most economical gains of any kind of livestock be- cause they clean up the odds and ends. They are particularly useful on the farm in the fall of the year, for they turn into mutton the things that otherwise would not be used. At the same time they save the feedatuffs that would be given them if they did not have access to this stuff. In southern Montana some of the largest flockmasters plant large acre- ages of corn and oats and instead of harvesting the crops, turn in bands of sheep and let them eat the prod- uct. They clean the land thoroughly and it has proved a very profitable way of handling both the sheep and the land. As a rule the sheep should be turned into the oats a few hours the first day and the length of time the animals are permitted to stay should be increased gradually until by the end of the week they can be given full possession. Lambs may be permitted to enter corn before it is cut, as they will clean up the weeds and the lower corn plant leaves. They do not pull down the lower ears as do the larger sheep. Later the sheep can be turn- ed in. Growing root crops is another. profitable way to handle sheep. After the larger roots are hauled in for winter use the sheep may be turned into the field and they will clean up the balance. I PROPER PRUNING OF TREES LS HIGHLY IMPORTANT By W. M. Treadwell, Groat Falls In traveling about the country I see so many trees improperly pruned or not pruned at all that I am con- strained to write a few words regard- ing the proper trimming of trees. The time OA:Ironing is not so im- portant as the manner in which it is done. Early spring before the sap starts, or summer, fall or winter are good times to Prune. At a time when there is a heavy flow of sap running it Is better not- to remove any limbs. There 'seems to prevail a common impression that the cut should not be made too close to the tree. `I'his is just exactly the opposite from proper practice. The cut should be made as close to the body of the tree as pos- sible. This will allow the wound to heal over. If cut Is made some dis- tance from the body or trunk it will be much longer in healing over. In case the branch is a small one the end or stub will die and later may decay and the decay extend to the heart of the tree with disastrous re- sults. As to removing branches, it is, of course, impossible to say in an article of this kind which ones should come off. A street tree should be trimmed ---- up higher on the trunk than one on private grounds as branches must not he allowed to interfere with traffic. Branches that cross and are rubbed CONTOUR DIKES FOR DRY LAND IRRIGATION By If. E. MURDOCK, of the * Montana State Agricultural College. In the last article I promised to tell a little about how to build con tour dikes. Moisture is the limiting factor in crop production under Mon- tana dry -farming conditions and the more moisture retained on the dry farm the greater will be the crop pro- duction. It is with the idea of tell- ing how much of the moisture that runs off the dry farm can be caught by a simple system and retained in the soil that this article la written. The first requisite for a successful diking system is a comparatively level field with a slope not greater than one foot in a hundred. Most of our farms have at least a few acres of this kind of land. The next requisite is a draw or coulee from -which the water can be run directly or by ditch onto this land. If a storage reservoir has been constructed the water running over the spillway can be run onto this land while the stored water can be used on rougher land if necessary. If the draw runs through, the land to be diked the first thing is to throw up a good strong dike on the bank to keep the water from running back into the draw and for the ends of the contour dikes to run into. This should be thrown up about two feet high. The contour dikes must be run on a level so that the water will stand at the same height all along their length. These must be run out with some sort of a level. Their distance apart is governed by the slope of the land, the kind of soil and the size of the draidage area supplying the flood water. Dikes on the average should be eighteen inches high. These will hold water twelve inches deep, and if the soil is such that it Is desired to hold the water six inches deep on the shallow side this would make it necessary to put the dikes fifty feet apart for a slope of one foot in one hundred feet and one hundred feet apart for a slope of one-half foot in one hundred feet. If this makes the checks too large for the water to get over the entire check rapidly enough with the flow avail- able the dikes can be placed closer to- gether. For sandy soils the checks should be small to prevent excessive seepage losses. The contour dikes extend across the flat from the dike along the bank into the hill. The outlet for passing the water from a check to the next one lower down is cut in the dike and the dike protected so it won't cut out. For such crops as hay or pas- ture where the dikes can be made permanent and sodded they can be made lower and broader, with a rounded top so that they will hold water to their full height and . when they get full the water will brim over the dike for its entire length. This gives an ideal distribution of the water If there is any danger of getting too much water on the upper checks, boxes can be built in the dikee to drain the water into the lower ones. If one flood does not irrigate all the checks the water from the next flood can be led to the lower checks first. By this method of utilizing the flood waters of the state, thousands of Montana dry farms can be develop- ed into real homes. Many of those already abandoned can be brought back into productiveness and the des- tructiveness of the high waters will be greatly lessened. However, there is a legal problem that this flood water irrigation development is going to bring up and I will tell you about that in a future article. KOTA WHEAT IS ANALYZED BY MONTANA EXTENSION EXPERTS Kota wheat is being widely adver- tised and great claims are being made for this wheat. Inquiries are pouring into the county agents regarding this wheat, indicating that considerable interest is being aroused. Many are planning on investing in high priced seed with the idea that this wheat will be an Improvement over the va- rieties now being grown in Montana. Kota 11 a common spring wheat which looks very much like Preston or Velvet Chaff. It is bearded and the kernel is of a longer, narrower together by the wind should be re- moved. If ladders are shooting up too high in the air and the tree is becoming too slender the ends of branches should be cut back and so cause the tree to thicken. It goes without saying that all the dead branches should be removed. Livingston— Mrs. Edgar Bates, 76, who lives alone at 113 South M street this city, probably owes; her life to the fact that she gave a neighbor a can of peaches. The neighbor, a man named Oakley, decided to show his appreciation of the gift by cleaning the sidewalk in front of Mrs. Bates' home. While thus engaged, his at- tention was attracted by tapping on a window pane. An investigation (Unclosed that Mrs. Bates had suffer- ed a paralytic stroke which had ren- dered her totally blind and nearly hel pleas. Quality in Seeds Inland Seeds aro Northwestern -grown, carefully selected, and es- pecially adapted to Northwestern conditions. The„name \Inland\ on seeds, bulbs, nursery stock, fertilizers, bee, dairy, orchard and poultry supplies, is a positive guarantee of quality. Ask for Inland Heeds in package or bulk at your dealer's. It be can't supply you, order from us by mail. Special 50c and $1.00 assortments. Send for your copy of our 1923 catalog Today. \Island Seeds are Quality Seeds.\ The Inland Seed Co. WS Mee Avesue Spokane, Washington type than Marquis. This wheat was brought over from Russia with some durum wheats and has been tested at a number of stations for a series of years. Its outstanding claims for consideration are its rust resistance and yields in areas where stem rust is a factor. North Dakota farmers have been losing a lot of money from reduced yields and quality of spring wheat, especially in years like 1515 when an otherwise bumper year wit§ placed on the partial failure list. The ability of Kota to resist stem rust attracted due attention to it and it is not to be wondered at that enter- prising parties began to increase the seed and are now consequently able to reap a nice harvest by demanding rather a high price per bushel. We have no quarrel .with the Kota wheat growers' association, however, but we do want to give Montana farmers the facts. Rosalie of Comparative Teets Yield per acre. Rust Area Years Kota Marquis Fargo, N. 6 23.4 19.0 Edgeley, N. D._ 3 14.0 10.3 hangdon, N. D. 3 20.3 16.5 Lighter rust area— Dickinson, N.D. 4 16.1 14.1 Williston, N. D. 3 18.7 19.8 Hettinger, N.D. 1 33.7 32.0 Mandan, N.D.... 3 10.7 9.3 Non -rust Area— Moccasin, Mont 3 25.3 26.2 Bozeman, Mont. 2 48.9 63.6 A study of these yields indicates that the advantage lies with Kota in the rust areas, but that Kota is not consistently superior in the lighter rust areas such as eastern Montana and western North Dakota. In en- tral and western Montana, as indi- cated by results at Moccasin and Bozeman, and where stem rust is not a factor of importance, Kota Is decid- edly inferior in yield. Yield is only one factor which the farmer must consider. The charac- ter of the plant, earliness, quality of the wheat and flour for milling or baking, etc., must also be noted. Kota straw is weaker than most other varieties of spring wheat, it is bearded and has a tendency to lodge about the same as durum wheats. The claims for Kota on the basis of milling and baking testa must be considered in the light of North Da- kota conditions where rust has been a factor. As Director Trowbridge of the North Dakota Experiment Station says, \Millers have been unable to get a sufficient quantity of Kota wheat to make a commercial test and only laboratory tests of the flour have been made so far. They do not regard that its value for milling pur- poses have been proven. The tenden- cy of Kota flour to produce a creamy fellow colored loaf of bread does not conform to the present demands of the trade for a white loaf and this color deviation, while not great, may prove to be a serious defect from the miller's standpoint.\ When one considers that there will probably be available over ono mil- lion bushels of this wheat next year, and that its superior value over the best strain of Marquis in any portion of Montana is very problematical, it does not appear wise, necessary, nor advisable for farmers to invest in high priced fitted of this variety ex- cept for the purpose of making a lo- cal variety test. Marquis and Red Bobs are the most promising spring wheata for eastern and central Mon- tana as far as present available evi- dence from farms and experiment sta- tions is concerned. WISE FARMERS WILL SAVE SOWS EXCELLENT CONDITIONS SEEM , ASSURED IN THE HOG INDUSTRY Montana Offers Good Opportunities for Hog Raising; Fine Feed and All Year Around Market; Hog Industry Growing. Farmers who are not tempted into selling their brood sows will display foresight, for according to indications the hog market should continue strong. There is no better way to market one's crops than by feeding to hogs. Selling the ctops on the hoof is far better than selling them in a wagon. The hog industry is growing, but not more rapidly than the conditions ap- pear to warrant. The climate and other conditions in Montana are fa- orable and there is a good market. Selling the brood sow is like kill- ing the goose that lays the prover- bial golden egg. The brood sow should be retained as the source of further and future profits. Hogs furnish meat more quickly and cheaply than any other class of Ihe stock. David Weaver's Story of Battle With the Sioux (Continued from Feature Page) where I discovered the numerous ar- rowheads as mentioned. Their method of fighting was to ride at first slowly towards the white men, keeping to the north of Townsend's party, between the men and the foot- hills at the north; then as they came nearer, increasing the speed of their animals, they swept past in a some - Mutt circular course, hanging over the sides of their horses and shoot- ing as they rode. The mounted party, as soon as at- tacked, turned back to the corral and fought their way back without the loss of any of their number, but one of the men was severely injured by an arrow in his back which had to be cut out. The Indians then attempted to keep up a sort of long distance at- tack on the camp. It happened, how- ever, that some of Townsend's men were armed with the then new Henri breech -loading rifle. This weapon could not only be loaded much more rapidly than the muzzle loaders but, what was more important in the sit- uation, it had an effective range of at least twice that of any of the In- dian guns. It did not take the Indians long to discover this fact, as they soon found out that their warriors were being shot down long before they got near the encamped wagon train. This compelled them to measure their distance by the increased range of the new rifle; but at such distance their arrows were useless and they could do little effective fighting with their guns. To this was due the fact that Townsend's men escaped with so few injuries. One of his mem- bers, however, a man from Ohio, whose name I am unable to obtain, was so severely wounded that he died the following night (July 9-10). When the Indians found that they could not stampede or dislodge the train by an open attack, they at- tempted to do so by fire. They be- gan setting fire to the long gram surrounding the camp. Captain Townsend then directed his men to take shovels and make a shallow trench, cutting off the grass in a swathe extending roughly in a semi- circle from the river bank above the corral to the hank below as noticed by uit a few days later. He also ordered the wash tubs which some of the emigrants had with them to he filled with water and kept in read- !nem The attempt to spread the fire to the camp was not successful. The Indians, however, kept up their at- tack for several hours. Then they withdrew, passing down the river, and keeping well to the north close to the foothills, and out of range of the guns as much as possible. Early -in the day, before commencing the attack, they had requested permis- sion of Townsend to be allowed to pass down the river past his camp; hut Townsend's guides, already con- vinced of the hostile intentions of the savages, advised against allow- ing them to come near the camp, as they suspected that it was simply a ruse to get close enough to stampede the stock. Townsend remained in camp until some hours after the departure of the Indians. He then decided to move his camp to a higher location, but considered it inadvisable to attempt to proceed through the ravine as would be necessary if he continued by the Bozeman trail. He accord- ingly kept to the south, crossing to the south side of the river, and re- crossing further up. After proceeding some distance, the train came upon the bodies of the two men who had gone on ahead In the morning and been killed by the Indians. Just how great were the losses of the Indians in this engagement is, of course, unknown, as they removed their dead and wounded. But only a few days later when our train 160A IRRIGATED • HAY RANCH FOR SALE OR TRADR LOCATED TOO FAR FOR ME TO LOOR AFTER ROE 14S, GREAT nAT.,in reached the Big Horn river I was in- formed by the Crow Indians that this attack on Townsend's train had been made by the Sioux (the cutthroats), and that they had thirteen killed in the affair. The exact knowledge that the Crows had of this battle, espe- cially so soon afterward, will prob- ably be regarded by some men fam- iliar with Indian affairs, as a rather suspicious circumstance. It has been openly charged by some writers that while the Crow tribe pretended to be friendly with the whites, some of the young Crow warriors were really al- lied with the Sioux in the latter:8 depredations. On the other hand it is also well known and has been fre- quently remarked that these seemed to have been some mysterious means of communication—some unpatented system of wireless telegraphy— among the Indiana, and they were known often to have acquired knowl- edge of events occurring at distant places soon after their happening, under circumstances which have never been satisfactorily explained. As the Crows and Sioux were ordin- arily arch enemies, it may have been a part of their regular business to keep posted on the losses of their foes. Townsend's men understood that their opponents in the engage- ment were Sioux, and the writer is of the same opinion. The scalp found in the pine tree was taken to Virginia City where it was recognized by the surviving brother as that of the man who went for the cow. As soon as he saw it he exclaimed, \That is my brother's hair!\ HOOPI NG COUGH must run its course— there is no \cure but Vick s helps to ease the coughing paroxysms. Apply often. Use freely Bt bedtime. ICKS VAPORUB Ow 17 Whoa Jan Used Yearbs Currants and Gooseberries Strong 2 year plants, $5.00 per dozen. Write . for price list of hardy nursery stock. My customers are satisfied. Let me add your name to my list. W. M. TREADWELL, Nurseryman Great Falls, Montana BIG SHORTHORN CATTLE AUCTION Tuesday, March II UNION STOOK YARDS,. SPOKANE, WAou. 85 85 65 Bells -20 Females HEAD HEAD Don't Miss this Opportunity to Bay Your Range Bulls For Information and catalog write A. R. Lawson, Sales Manager, tea Rachange Bank Bldg., Spokane, Wa. \Sandy\ Keith. Auctioneer TIRES WITH 500 NAIL . HOLES LEAK NO AIR Mr. V. S. Milburn of Chicago has invented a new puncture -proof inner tube, which, in actual test, was punc- tured 600 times without the loss of any air. Increase your mileage from 10,000 to 12,000 miles without re- moving this wonderful tube from the wheel, and the beauty of it all is that this new puncture -proof tube costs no more than the ordinary tube, and makes riding a real pleasure. You can write Mr. V. S. Milburn at 383 West 47th St., Chicago, as he wants them introduced everywhere. Wonderful opportunity for agents. If interested write him today. BUY A PERCHBRON STALLION • The largest breeder of Per- cheron horses on the American continent, the liar U Ranch, is overstocked with ,100 young Percheron stallions, black and grays, weighing from 1,800 to 2,000 pounds. These horses have been raised in the open and are hardy, and more desir- able for the breeder. Montana Is short of good draft horses and this may be your opportun- ity. Send for our catalog. GEORGE LANE CALGARY, ALBERTA Agricultural and Grazing Logged Off Lands of the Anaconda Copper Mining Co., on Easy Terms • Dairying is a type of farming beat adapted to the timbered sec- tions of western Montana. Most of the land can be converted into pasture at very little expense and dairy cows will yield a splendid profit from the land without the necessity of removing the stumps, although a sufficient acreage must be put under the plow to supply winter feed. In connection with dairying, hogs and poultry should take an important part. All fruits, berries and garden truck thrive; field crops of grain, clover, tim- othy, potatoes and stock roots do well. You are buying at values fixed by experienced appraisers, strip- ped of promotion charges, com- missions and other trimmings, which are usually added before it reaches the farmer. We will aid you in selecting a location that is adapted to your needs. BLACKFOOT LAND DEVELOPMENT CO. Drawer 1590 Missoula, Mont. VACCINATE DURING ANY WEATHER WITH LEDERLE BLACK -LEG AGGRESSIN SAFE 100 PER CENT ONE DOSE, COSTING 15 CENTS, PROTIUM'S DURING LIFE Aggressin is approved by Montana State Veterinary Department, United States Bureau of Animal Industry, all Veterinary Surgeons, and all cattle men who have used it. LEDERLE AGGRESSIN is the last word in Black Leg Vaccination. Dr. M. E. Knowles, Helena, State Distributor for LEDERLE VACCINES, Aggressin, Anthrax, Abortion, Hemorrhagic Septicaemia, Hog Cholera, White Scours—all preventive and curative biologics. Suggest to your Veterinary Surgeon the use of \bederle\ products. AGGRESSIN IN 10, 90 and 50 -DOSE PACKAGES 4 N USE REX FLOUR REX IS KING N 1 • a •
