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About Geyser Judith Basin Times (Geyser, Mont.) 1911-1920 | View This Issue
Geyser Judith Basin Times (Geyser, Mont.), 16 Jan. 1913, located at <http://montananewspapers.org/lccn/sn85053135/1913-01-16/ed-1/seq-6/>, image provided by MONTANA NEWSPAPERS, Montana Historical Society, Helena, Montana.
1. ii 14 Great Bridges of the World Engineering Feats of Ancient • Times—The First Spans Were of Wooden Construction—Hell Gate Structure Now Building to Eclipse All Previous Records. ASI ONG the achievements of ingen- ions and resourceful mankind the art of bridge building as it has developed in the twentieth century occupies a notable place. The ancient. Romans understood bridge building, and many of the first spans constructed in Italy and other nations were samples of wonderful skill. How- ever, it has remained for the engineers of our own time to bring bridge build- ing down to a marvelously fine art. The oldest bridges recorded were built of wood. One of these celebrated structures was that thrown by Julius Caesar across the Rhine, which is de- scribed in his Commentaries. Another famous wooden bridge was built In 1754 at Schaffhausen, Switzerland, by a village carpenter. The French de- stroyed it 1799. There are numerous kinds of bridges —movable bridges. suspension bridges, pontoon bridges developed from the ancient bridge of boats, and military bridges built to help troops cross a stream or river, the floating one. for this purpose being made of anything furnishing the required buoyancy. SUSPENSION BRIDGES The idea of suspeniqn bridges is old. The first chain bridge Is believed to have been that across the Tees. Eng- land, in 1741, but not until 1825 was the first really important structure of the kind erected. It was over Mena strait, between the island of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire, Wales. Remark- able suspension bridges in - the United States are those over the Niagara river and the Brooklyn bridge. The Brooklyn bridge over the East river, New York, which was opened to traffic May 24, 1883, costing to date over $22,000,000, remains as a wonder- ful piece of engineering even now, though more modern methods of con- struction have been applied to later bridges. The first iron bridge* were erected in the form of arches, the material used being cast iron. Now the arch has been generally supplanted by the beam or girder. The Chinese seem to have been the first to use the arch in building bridges, while bridges of stone or brick seem to have originated with the Romans. The Romans are supposed to have obtained from the Etruscans the idea of erecting the great arch and dome. The first bridge of ancient Rome is said to have span- ned the Tiber. Ancient Rome had eight bridges, one or two of which have endured to this day. THE SPAN AT AVIGNON One of the oldest bridges of modern Europe was that begun in 1176 over the Rhone at Avignon. This bridge was composed of seventeen arches. Perronet, chief engineer of bridges and highways under Kings Louis XV. and XVI., set a high standard in bridge building, and France continued to stand high among the nations of mod- ern Europe in the art. Iron bridge building has been car- ried on to a very successful degree by American builders, who have utilized various forms of girders and have con- structed some fine bridges with arches of great span built up of wrought iron and steel. Not many stone bridges of unusual size are to be found in America. The highest masonry structure of the kind In the world is (lint spanning te e gorge of the Minnie' river, in Algeria, at a height of 330 feet. It is remarka ble by reason of daring construction. the precipitous cliffs necessitating a remarkable scaffolding system, erected section by section and sustained by cables. The highest bridge over n navigable strea in In Ameriest is over the Ken- tucky river at Lexington. It is 308 1e—Largest railroad bridge itt America over navigable stream. 2.—Natural bridge at Richmond. 3.—Biggest *concrete bridge in world at Tacoma. feet above low water, 1,230 feet long and cost $1,250,000. Tacoma. Wash., lays claim to the largest concrete bridge ever built. SPAN TO BE BIGGEST YET But previous bridge records are to be set at naught by the Hell Gate bridge over the East river, New York, plans for which have been in preparation seven years. Within four years trains will be running over this great bridge, which will be the largest in the world. The Hell Gate bridge, with its via- ducts, will be 15,840 feet, or about three miles long, and the bridges besides those mentioned that will most nearly approach it are the Tay bridge in Scot- land, 10,780 feet long; the Ohio river bridge at Cairo, Ill., 10,560 feet long, and the Wiesen viaduct in Switzerland, i about 10,000 feet. The famous bridge ; over the Firth of Forth. In Scotland, Is 9,000 feet. The bridge now build- ing over the St. Lawrence, which was designed to replace the one that fell in 1907, causing a loss of eighty or more lives, will be a remarkable speci- men of engineering, but its length will be only 4.000 feet. The Hell Gate bridge will be longer than any one of the four other East river bridges now in use, even with their approaches in- cluded. The Brooklyn bridge is 7,580 feet long, the Queensboro bridge 7,400 feet long, the Williamsburg bridge 7,200 feet long and the Manhattan bridge 6,885 feet long. NATURAL BRIDGES Among the wonders of the west are the natural bridges of Utah, which are. so far as is known, without a peer. In 1908 these bridges, the Caroline. Au- gusta and Edwin, were set aside as na- tional monuments, and later certain caves and springs near by were added to the reserved area. It is difficult to give an adequate Idea of these stupendous arches, and so far they have been seen by few persons, for it Is a trip of days across the desert to reach them, but eccurate measurements have been taken and convey some notion of their size and shape. The popular way of reaching these curiosities is from Bluff. Utah. where one can obtain a guide and out- fit. Thence you proveed through dry washes, old strennt beds and sage cov- ered mesas to the great brfilees. which loom up to White canyon far from the beaten path of man. The White canyon itself Is many miles long. and the bridges spring from its sleet,. light buff walls, the three le•ine within a distance of five nines. The largest Is 222 feet Mail and (1Ci feet thick at the top of the arch. The arch IS 2S feet wide. the span is 241 feet. and the height of the span is 1: - .7 feet. Ti'.' first a....oint of the -a. wonderful bridges given to the tvorld WHs that of 111.1:1.'.. 1.0I1'..1 Lore: was an enizineer oiict tt. hile prosto-eting in Fedi lie fe:I iii in Ii esteem:in named who NV:1\ , itli Utah an d hi 1,11.th-111:1r %%Hi the lying around the San .111311 river. FEARED RIDICULE Scorup. after SOillo liteliiiiiiiiiry con- ver,stion. said that he had .4•1•11 1..”1111. bridges so .111111e11,4 . :1H11 i% , 111 , 11•111.11 ttioi he disliked to talk about them for fear he would be accused of manufacturing the story. He added that though he had seen them in 1898 he had always desired to go back, and if Long would accompany him and take photographs he would guarantee to guide the en- gineer to the place. Accordingly the two men set out in 1903 with Pack horses and provisiens, and after a lonely trip through deserts and canyons and wide stretches where no animal was to be seen they descend- ed into the gorge of the White canyon, the sides of which are filled with de- serted cliff dwellings. Two days later they came to the wonderful bridges, the' first of which, of pink sandstone, Scorup called Caroline in honor of his mother. They pushed rapidly down the can- yon and came to another arch, more symmetrical and more beautiful than the first, with a lightness and grace and charm of coloring that made it a splendid work of nature. Long named this the Augusta after his wife and managed to get a fair photograph. The arch was so high that the trees of Cali- fornia would seem dwarfed beside it. and the men took what measurements they could by climbing and clinging to the canyon's sides. They found the Edwin, or Little bridge, several miles down the canyon, the arch in reality of immense dimen- sions, but small in comparison with those that they had measured. All around these bridges are crags and strange formations, cave dwellings, springs and other objeces of interest. Undoubtedly these bridges are of great scientific interest, not alone be- cause they are so far as known the largest natural bridges in the world, but because they are extraordinary ex- amples of stream erosion. An ancient river probably carved these great arches, which may have been known to prehistoric dwellers of the desert west. OF STRIKING GRANDEUR The Great Natural bridge of Virginia Is one of the natural wonders of the United States. This structure over- books the James river valley, being on the western slope of the Blue moun- tains. It is just about the center of the state. It is a single block of lime- stone, with many shades of color. The walls are smooth, as if cut with chis- els, and there is no sign of displace- ment. To reach the spot one follows a turn - 1 cling cascade down a deep fissure in the mountain under some of the lar- gest arbor vitae trees in the world 3111(1 turns down a line of steps cut Into the precipice. There is found a swift 'dream in a dark canyon rind the great bridge far above. Birds high in air pass under the blue arch. The place is full of echoes, and the winds and waters moan eternally. The original bridge tract was grant- ed by King George III. to Thomas Jef- ferson in 1774. After he was presi- dent Jefferson visited tne place. tar- reve-1 it and made the map with his ow ii hands 11eury Clay wrote of - the lorelge not made with hands that span a river. carries a highway and makes two 1110111iiallIS one.\ SENT POSTALS TO HIMSELF. Mailed Cards as * Reminder That H. Had an Engagement. Mr. Splegelhausen found it hard to remember at home certain things he had thought of in business hours and conversely matters that occurred to him at night would escape his mind before he reached the office next morn- i n g. After trying various UllatleCe98- fill methods of memory cultivation he hit on the plan of writing postal cards to hhuself and addressing them to the other place from whichever he hap- pened to be In at the moment. Thus the last mall would bring to the house one or more cards with such a memo. scrawled upon it, \Remind Mrs. S. to give my coat to cleaner,\ and vice versa the first mail downtown would remind him, \See J. T. W. in re. thou- sand lot umbrella canes.\ For a time this served the purpose, but presently his precise and farsee- ing mind began to anticipate and work more and more in advance, so that on a Monday night he would mail a card front home saying, \Be sure to send card front office tomorrow to remind yourself of dinner engagement Tues- day.\ Then he got to jotting down appointments on postal cards a whole week ahead, sending other cards to warn himself when to drop them in the letter box, and finally his harassed brain refused to work any longer on such a strain. One evening his wife asked him whether he had thought to attend to the season tickets for the opera, and he replied with a sheepish attempt at laughter: \1 suppose that was On the pile of cards on my desk this morning. 1 saw the postman bring them, but I forgot to turn them over and see what they said.\—New York Times. TUNNELS UNDER THE THAMES One Recently opened Makes Fourth to Be Built. The Woolwich tunnel opened by Lord Cheyiesmore recently is the fourth made in recent years under the Thames. The question of providing means of crossing the river below London bridge attracted- attention for many years be- fore any scheme was actually put in operation. In 1884 a select committee of the house of commons was appointed to consider the matter nail reported In favor of a bridge near - Tower hill and a tunnel at Shadwell. There was great delay in carrying out these rec- ommendations, and the first direct com- munication for* vehicles and foot pas- sengers established between east and south London was the Woolwich free ferry. This was opened in March, 1880. Then followed the Tower bridge, opened in 1804; Blackwell tunnel in 1897, Greenwich tunnel in 1902 and Rotherhithe tunnel in 1908, Left by Ambulance. \How long did your new cook stay with you?' \Only an hour, or so\ \She must have left In a hurry.\ \She did. She poured kerosene on the kitchen fire.\—Baltimore American. ( Grist From the Sport Mill By 4TAD1UM Carlos De Zafra, Alvah Nickerson and J. Lewis Luckeubach, the regatta com- mittee of the Atlantic Yacht club, have notified the members that the German- Acuericgn race committee of the Kati- serlicher Yacht club of Kiel and the Eastern Yacht chub have invited own- ers to take gart in the trial races for the selection of three boats to repre- sent America in the September raves. These contests are for yachts whose length on the water line, plus the ex- treme beam, plus the extreme draft, does not exceed thirty-two feet. or 9.75 meters. The trial races will 'be held about Aug. 16, 1013, off Marble- head, entries for which close on Satur- day, July 10, at noon. Following are the nominations for officers for 1913: For commodore, J. Stuart Blackton; vice commodore, Willard U. Taylor; rear commodore, Arthur AV. Teele; trustees, James F. Allen, Edwin Pal- mer. Peter W. Rouss and Albert E. Smith; treasurer, I'. H. Hart; secre- tary, Edward I. Graff; membership committee, Kenneth Lord, Thomas T. Hopper and W. D. Gash. and [minima - lag committee, F. M. Wilson. Theodore L. Bailey, W. Hunt Hail. I. E. Bur- dick, Max Grunduer and Waiter H. Sykes, Jr. ' 1A Fowler McCormick, fifteen years old. son of Harold F. McCormick and grandson of John D. Rockefeller, is taking up a course in baseball pitching under the tutelage of Mordecai Brown. formerly star pitcher of the Chicago National League club. The boy, who some day probably will rank with the world's wealthiest men, is being train- ed for pitching In Princeton university. His father is a graduate of Princeton. and It Is his ambition to watch his son strike out .the batsmen of Yale and Harvard, for Fowler McCormick is to enter the university as soon as he is prepared. Brown will give his pupil two les- sons each week, and when spring comes Fowler will try for a pitching berth on the team of the preparatory school he now attends. The announcement of preliminary plans for the big league seasons of 1913 has been made. The barrier will be raised on Thursday. April 10, in both leagues, President Thomas Lynch of the National league and President Ban Johnson of the American league having come to that agreement. The major league seasons of 1912 began on Thursday, April 11. The Giants opened with the Superbas in Washington park, while the Highland- ers drew the Red Sox on the Hilltop. It is the turn of the New York Nation- als to open at home next year, and in all probability the Giants and the Sit- perbas Avill clash at the Polo grounds on April 10. The Highlanders will open abroad. Ban Johnson, as usual, .will arrange • the -schedule for the American league, and iu all probability President Lynch, Secretary John ileyiller and Barney Dreyfuss of Pittsburgh again will be ealled IIIH/11 to arrange the National league dates. They used to con Willie Ritchie the - hard luck' fighter. Ile had liven pass- ed up so often by the recognized stars of the ring that he was getting used to it. Then suddenly he become the lightweight champion of the world, and now his name and \hard luck\ are no longer associated. The new champion, who Inc private life is Geary Steffen, is of a family of eleven children and will lie twenty-two years old Feb. 13 next. Willie Ritchie liegtut Ids boxing coreer ot the tore of eighteen in four round amateur bouts, but he was induced to A Photo hy American PreS11 Association. Willie Ritchie, the Lightweight Cham- pion of the World, postisine ii regulvir tight hug career un- till he was older. Ile was working as an automobile sitiesman on the Pacific coast when Packey McFarland appear- ed j inni took him tniiier his wing. Ritehie became a big pugilistic possi- bility thiough his showing in the II1PM. orable twenty round brittle with Welsh, who got the ilw•ision. One of ititehielt hest lights before he whIppffl Ad Wol. east and won his title was his eneoune ten with Joe Nlandot in New Orleans. He defeated Matelot in ten rounds. Self Respect. \V.'llat made the minister resign?\ \Self \tespe , t. .1fter the vestry iii) lutinted a puldicity agent he quit be icl lust' I Ii, 1 . 1)1•11* soprano was contire nally Ha the church's to _ St. eoitk Republic. In a Spirit of Raillery Too Much of a Good Thing. \1 was very happy,\ said the pro- fessor. \when after years of wooing, she finally said 'Yes.'\ \But why did you break the engage- ment so soon after?\ asked his friend. \Man it was she that dissolved it.\ \Really!\ said the friend. \How did that happen?\ • \It was due to my accursed absent- mindedness. When, a few days later, I called at her home I again asked her to marry me.\—Youth's Companion. Indeed Unfortunate. \Well how about it?\ \Her father and mother both object to me.\ \Hard luck.\ \Hard luck for fair. It's the first thing they have agreed on in years.\—Hart- ford Post. Financial Item, She—Every man should give his wife a regular allowance. He—Yes; that's a good idea. It gives him some place to go and borrow be- tween salary days. Unlike the Part, \What kind of a looking person is the new parson?\ \lie's a great exhorter, they say, but between you and me candidly be does not look the part one bit.\ On Another Tack. \Has your friend any histrionic as- pirations?\ \Oh he don't bother any about history. Ile wants to be an actor.\—Baltimore American. Temporary Satisfaction. Contentment consists in the tempo- rary forgetfulness of the things we would like to have uest. l'uek. His Limitations. \McJiggers I guess. is about the best story teller we have at the club, still he has ids dmitations.\ \In wlint way?\ \He always has to hurry away at II, admitting he has never been able yet to think up anything to tell his wife that will 'get by' after midnight.\ Nothing at All, Cholly (blindfolding Mand)—Are you quite sure you can't see me? Maud—Didn't I tell you I couldn't see a thing? Breaking It Gently, \Whom have you there in tow?\ \This is Rip Van Winkle. He just woke up.\ \Why guard him so care- fully?\ \Weil we're letting him see the women's styles gradually, don't you know.\—Loulsville Courier -Jour- nal. A Profitable Temptation, Totnnty—Come on, Jennie; let's play A(131111 and Eve. Jennie—How do you play it? Tommy—You tempt me with an ap- ple, timid I'll eat It Making Up. \Miss Ethel is a long time coming sold the y - otitli to the servant after waOing- -.etre time for the young lady's .11IIIH . :11%111.V. P( . 111:111,..\ added, with a laugh, \perhaps she is inalibie up her mind whether to see toe or not.\ said the servant. with an ley smile. it isn't her mind she is making up.\- Stray Stories. All on the Same Fare. \Are you certain that was country sausage you sold me yesterday?\ asked the old fogy. \Yes sir,\ replied the butcher, \genus Inc country sausage, sir. Why do you. ask?\ \My wife found a street car transfer in it,\ said the old fogy, \and I was wondeling how it got there.\ An Impossibility, Teacher—Willie, would it be propec for me to say, \I can't learn you noth- ing?\ Willie—Yes, ma'am. Teacher—Why? Willie—Because you can't. So Was H. \Come please accommodate me. I'll give you my word that you shall be paid back In full within 9 week. You know I'm as hottest as the day is long, don't you?\ \Well yes. I've heard you were, but the days are growing very short now.\ With or Without, \Does she sing?\ \Yes.\ \With or without?\ \With or without what—her music?\ No: with or without coaxing.\--De- troll Free Press. 1/4
