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About Geyser Judith Basin Times (Geyser, Mont.) 1911-1920 | View This Issue
Geyser Judith Basin Times (Geyser, Mont.), 30 June 1916, located at <http://montananewspapers.org/lccn/sn85053135/1916-06-30/ed-1/seq-3/>, image provided by MONTANA NEWSPAPERS, Montana Historical Society, Helena, Montana.
GEYSER JUDITH BASIN TIMES tit OUR CtIARTEG EVCCOOM The interesting story of the writing and signing of the Declaration of Inde- pendence --July 2 or August 2 better entitled to celebration than July 4. OPULAU histomy has fastened main our impressionable minds a poetic picture of the signing of the ra- t I ill Independence its a graceful and formal function, taking place July 4. 1776. In a large, handsointely furnished chamber in Independence hall, Philadelphia. Ti, give the nec- essary touch of vivacity to the pic- ture there is the scene of the small in )y darling from the door as the last signer sets his autograph to the 'precious parchment and dash- ing down the street, calling to his grandfather, to \Riot!! elle. ring for liberty!\ Our ideal proclamation of the charter of Amer - feint freedom must be shattered In the cause of truth. The ileclaration of Independence was signed behind locked doors, ;Ind Was not general- ly signed upon the Fourth of July at all. The city was not breathlessly awaiting the event outside, nor did the Liberty bell peal forth on that day the. triumphal note of freedom. The ap-credited historian of the United States department if state Is Gaillard Mint. Litt. D., 1.1.. mew ehief of the division of in the library of C, ingress. \Tleu-e is really no reason for our celelPrating the Fourth of July more than July 2 or August said Doetor tittut recently to an Inquirer. ''It Wits not until the latter date that the document Wits genera Ily signed. \The Virginia bill of rights, of which George M:ison was also the author, was drawn up and adopted In the last colonial assembly in Virginia 'whir to the. Revolutton. The bill of rights Is in effect a pito of every conslitittion in the land to- day. It is beyond doubt that this famous docie meld. of which his elderly friend wits author. was largely dram.ri upon by Thomits Jefferson when he wrote. the Iteclaration of Independence. - The fundamental principles of government set forth in Mason's bill of rights were the same ns those in th e Engli s h petitions to the kiim the acts III the long parliament and magna charta. 'You know, perhaps, that it i.‘as another BP hard Henry Lee, who presented to OM- gre , s. on June 7. 1776. it set of resolutions contain- ing the words, 'Thal these united colonies are, mai 44 right oilLfht to lee, free and independent states, and that all political connection between them and the state of i;rent Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved.' 'It v‘its as a result of the favorable voting upon Lee's resolutions that the well-known committee, composed of Thomas Jefferson. John Adams. Ben- jamin Franklin. Repger Sherman and Robert R. Liv- ingston, was mimed to draft the document. The committee assigned the task of preparing the In. to the Virginian. Jefferson's was the master political mind and It was by no mere chance that he was called upon to write the docu- ment which has been termed 'the best-known pa- per that has ever come front the pen of an Indi- vidual.' Drafting of the Declaration. \Thomas Jefferson wag the personification of method:* remarked Doctor Hunt, \and Immediate- ly. upon receiving his commission to write .the. declaration he retired to the two rooms he rented it Working place at Seventh and Market place, and prepared to give his country one of the greatest monuments of human freedeim. \The department of state owns the first draft of the Declaration which Jefferson presented to the - com.nittee for its approval. His confreres made a few alterations, which are clearly shown In the text, and Jefferson has written beside each change the name of its author, making the document of Inestimable value. \The fair copy which he made for presentation to congress. and which bears the congressional amendments and alterations, is lost. \The latter is the formal Declaration of Inde- pendence laid before eimgress on June 28. 1776. It was then read and ordered to lie on the table until July 1. On July 2 a resolution was pass e d declaring the Independence of the United Su[tes, although the- exact form of the proclamation as prepared by Jefferson was debated upon until July 4, when, with some alterations and atnendments. it was signed by John Hancock. president of Ole congress, and the signature attested by Charles Thomson. secretary of congress. \July 2 was actually the date of separation of the colonies from ihe mother country. On July 3 we find John Adams, whom Jefferson called the 'colossus of the colonies,' writing to his wife, Abi- gail, in the following words: esterday the greatest question which was ever debated in America was derided, and a great- er perhaps never was nor will be decided among men.' Great Day Was July 2. \In a second letter, written the same day, he said: 'But the day Is past. July 2 will be the most memorable. equich inn the history of America. 1 ton apt to believe that it will be celebrated by ti receding generations as the it festival. It ought to be commemorated as the day of deliv- erance by solemn acts of devotion to God Al- mighty.' \There Is little doeht but that the participants In the event considered July 2 as the Init. date of I ndependence for the colonies, but popular fancy seized main the 4th. the date of acceptance of Jef- ferson's formal and detailed setting -forth as the Keeper date of celebration. \John Trumbull's famous painting of the scene. hanging in the rotunda of the capitol, is a p o p t i en t piece of work and gives ninny of the portraits of the signers NVIth faithfulness, hut it Is somewhat fanciful. No silken hangings draped the windows of that stifling room on July 4, 1776, and the beau- tiful order in which the men are ranged tip for signing the immortal document Is also fictional, 4 %%%%%% 11 Independence h'al/ .Prcife/ . . .Tythc - 2ec/ar.7t1orryIndepencience - The prestrient of the congress, John Hancock. with the se, retary, Charles Thomson, ideate signed the autograph Jefferscin document on that date. Immediately aftemard it wits hurried to the offi- cial printer for congress, John Dunlap. to put In type and several copies were made. fly next morning the printed copies of Jefferson's Declara- tion of Independence were In Hancock's hands. NViten he came to write. the prciceeplings fctr the Fopurth of July. 1776, into the Journal of Con- gress, Charles Tinans(nt, secretary of the congress. left a blank space for the Declaration tool It Is this broadside whiell now appears wafered Into the space left for it in the Journal. \This broadside was sent out to the governors of the slates, to tile Continental tinily, find it is the paper from which the Declaration of Independence was read to the people .litly S, when the liberty hell was rung and the lirst piddle celebration was Made In honor of the event.\ Signed August 2. \July 19 congress ordered that the Declaration passed the 4th be fairly engrossed. It wag very bealitifilliv done on parchment. This is the do , invent vt Welt received the sign-itures of all the members of the Continental congress; present In hidepericienee hall. August 2, 1776. By this time. however, the memitership Had Cluinged . gliglitly, so that the \signers\ were not identicill with the body of delegates who had deelared for independ- ence n'inonth before. Prestuntafly It Was at this time that Hancock. making his great familiar sig- nature, jestingly remarked that Jolin Bull could see it without his spectacles. One or two of the signatures were not actually affixed until a Inter date then August 2. - This is the treasured Declaration of Independ- enet. now in possession of the department of state,\ said Doctor Hunt. \It Is kept in a hermetic- ally sealed case, At - bleil is (1111'11(SI only by special order for very especial reasons. It is faded, and It would have been better if this engrossed copy had been made on paper rather than parchment. It is so faded that few of the signatures are recogniz- able. N4lthing can noW be done which will perma- nently benefit it. \I believe the innilin Cause of the failing was the initireSsion taken in 1Se2.3, by order of President Nlotiroe. Two it facsintilies were then Made to glue n copy to each of the then living signers and others. Taking the Impression removed the Ink.\ tritrertrirairtrtdthtrtreHrtn\ , KrtrtrtrtrtratrershWrattrtrtrfirfrertr*trartr*irtHrtr history let all true Ame•rivans today highly re- solve on it new birth ',Orkin their own souls of the faiths of those men 140 years ago, of faith In it and of faith in America. THEY BELIEVED IN AMERICA tine !Mildred and forty years ago some half - hundred Men, sent by their communities to con- cert measures for securing their \rights as Eng- lishmen,\ berillile convinced that these could not be obtained save by ceasing to be \IlritIsh sub- jects\ and declaring themselves \American eiti- Zeng.\ I.etus look behind the formal phrases of the immortal IPeclaration to the faith of these men and of the politic. for whom they spoke. What was the faith that made vital their appeal for the justice of their CallSe and the righteousness of their undertaking? They believed in themselves: in their ability to do right and justice. They believed in the com- petence of stalwart manhood to go% erit itself and to provide for the common welfare. They be- lie•-tel they could make better arrangements in government than men had made before them. They believed in themselves. in their people, In America. Amerleans of late have done a great deal of fa iilt-find frig %%Rh America. There Is riot so much now as a year Or two ago. The spectacle across the Atlantic tends to hush it, and to give new point to the saying that \other countries\ tire what make Americans so proud of their own. In the light of that spectacle and of our own OF GREAT MOMENT IN HISTORY. The declaration of American independenee Was of unequaled moment in history. As the result of that fact, the United States of America has risen to a greatness vk hitch has changed the face of the world. In a little less than seven score of years it has changed its front a 111111 .in of peo- ple scattered thinly along the coast of the At- bintie, to n nation of over a hundred millions of people stretching over the vvloile. continent frOln the Afterlife to the Pacifie. and even Into the lands iseyond the seas. Nliweover, lit wealth and Inn material energy, us In Mindlers. It now far sur- passes the mother conntry from which It sprang. TRIBUTE TO THE DECLARATION. The historian Ituekle Was cordial and %weeping in his praise of the. Deelarittion Ile said among other things: \That noble Declaration ought to 1.0 hang lip In the nUrsery or every Meg and 1.1:17oned on tile porch of every royal palace.\ It , tlell were the brilliant historian's hlea. It W71 Professor Tyler remarked. \hecause the peelaratIol. lois become the classie statement of politleal troths which mast at last abolish kings altogether or else tench them to identify their ex Istence with the dignity and happiness of human nature.\ PUTTING SHOCK CORN IN SILO ANY TIME gmmmIII.m114 Filling a Silo at the Missouri College of Agriculture. (By C. it EcKI.ES. Missouri Agricul- tural Experiment Station.) Dry corn fodder may be put into the silo any time during the fall or win- ter with good results, although it is better to put it in at the proper stage, according to thp results obtained at the Missouri atition. It Is very diffi- cult to make silage in the winter time on farms which do not have water sys- tems, which makes it easy to add a ton of water for every ton of silage. It will not do to rely upon supplying the water through the cutter, as only about a third enough can be added in this way. No better results are ob- tained if the water is poured on the top after the filling has been com- pleted. Channels form and drain the upper portion of the silo, leaving most of the fodder dry. There is little dan- ger of adding too much water, but of course it makes unnecessary work. Of ten or twelve farmers who made silage from shock corn and furnished samples for analysis, one who added apparently too little water says: \The silage was good at first, but got drier and drier toward the bottom.\ In a number of cases the silage mold and in every such case It was fotind that too little water had been added. If the filling is done during wet weath- er, the fodder may be so damp that lees need be added, but the only way to be sure of getting good results is to measure the amount of water sprayed on by the hose per minute and adjust the hose and the cutter In such a way that a ton of water will be even - INSECTS THAT PREY ON THE APPLE TREE There Are 176 Different Varieties Capable of Making Them Entirely Fruitless. It's almost a miracle that we have any apples at all, for there are 176 dif- ferent varieties of insects which at- tack apple trees and are capable of making them fruitless. To fight this horde of pests the apple -producing states spend as much as $3,000,000 a year for spraying trees, remarks Phila- delphia Inquirer. Scientists now say, however, that It would be much better if fruit growers spent less money in covering their trees with poison and did more to en- courage birds to make their homes in the orchards. Birds devour almost every kind of insect which threatens fruit, and enough birds will accom- plish wonders In freeing orchards from this danger. Farmers often object to birds, be- cause they eat so much fruit. There are, however, numerous ways in which the amount of fruit birds destroy can be made trivial compared with the number of insects they eat. Robins, for instance, are extremely fond of cherries. But they will leave the cherry trees quite neglected if one or two trees of Russian mulberries, which ripen at the same time as cher- ries, are placed within reach. Other things which will retain the robin's useful services as a forager without any serious loss of valuable fruit are chokeberries, holly, elder, sour gum, shadeberries, wild cherries. wild grapes, greenbrier and smilax. Tho planting of some such trees and shrubs in the vicinity of orchards serves a double purpose. It furnishes food for the birds and makes them more inclined to mako their homes in the orchards. One reason why birds often avoid orchards is because the shrubbery has been cut away and they can find no suitable nesting places. Male Bird for Breeding. Now is a good time to look around for the male bird you wish to put at the head of next year's breeding pen. Some care should be exercised In mak- ing such a selection as upon the head of the pen depends much of next sea- son's success. Bank Up Celery Plants. Bank up the celery plants with earth in order to get them to blanch. Earth Is said to be better for late cel- ery than boards, ly distributed over every ton of dry fodder cut Into silage. The conclusions of the college de- rived from filling three small silos at different (lates, and with the addi- tion of different amounts of water, agree closely with the opinions of the farmers who bad used such silage, and may be summarized by saying that (1) the feed was satisfactory and more palatable than the shock corn, 12) such silage is not equal to that made by putting in the corn at the proper stage in the fall, (3) such re- filling prevents the loss In feeding value, which occurs when the fodder Is left in the shock; (4) silage is more convenient than shock fodder to feed, and (5) the stalk is more completely eaten. One of the farmers who have had ex- perience says: \I would recommend putting shock corn in the silo any time up to February, believing it to be much more valuable as silage than when fed to cattle from the shock. I prefer putting it in the silo at the prpper stage, however.\ Another farm- er 'writes: \We filled a silo in the mid- dle of the winter. Supplied the wa- ter with a hose in the silo. Water was taken up rapidly. Silage became very bot in 24 hours. The silage was in fine condition when fed. Stock ate the silage practically as well as fresh corn silage. Better to fill one silo three times than to build two or three, especially on account of the greater facility in getting help.\ PURE WATER SUPPLY IS VERY IMPORTANT Difficult Problem on Many Hog Farms During Summer—Run- ning Stream Desirable. Providing a plentiful supply of pure water is a difficult problem on many hog farms during the summer. A run- ning strearn In the yard is Very (Melt- able, provided there is no danger from contamination upstream. Under no circumstances should hogs be kept In yards or pastures that contain a large stream that flows through other hog yards or pastures upstream. In supplying drinking water for the animals, care should be taken to keep the supply clean and wholesome. There are several ingenious devices which are cheap and efficient. These may be attached to a pipe line or to a stock tank or barrel. They are fitted with a float which regulates the supply of water in the drinking vessel. The drinking vessel is small, and does not admit of the hogs getting their feet in- to it. If a barrel is used it is advisable to add a small handful of lime to the water, to prevent it becoming stagnant when heated by the sun. Foul water is unfit for hogs, and makes them sus- ceptible to infectious and contagious diseases and ailments. PROFIT IN FARMING FIGURED BY YIELD True Measure of Production Is Net Profit Per Acre Rather Than Gross Yield. Yield per acre is usually taken as the measure of profitable production in farming. A low yield means a small profit or a loss and a high yield means a largo profit. But this is not neces- sarily true, as the cost of production may be out of proportion to the value of the bumper crop. For example, Europe produces high yields per acre but small profits per man. The meas- ure of good farming In America is profit per man rather than yield per acre. As the yield per acre is in- creased beyond a certain normal, the cost pin* bushel, on the average, will be increased, though In individual cases or during short periods of time the reverse may be true. The true measure of production is net profit per acre rather than grilse yield.
