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About The Ismay Journal (Ismay, Mont.) 1910-1933 | View This Issue
The Ismay Journal (Ismay, Mont.), 30 Aug. 1912, located at <http://montananewspapers.org/lccn/sn85053190/1912-08-30/ed-1/seq-5/>, image provided by MONTANA NEWSPAPERS, Montana Historical Society, Helena, Montana.
SM. B S P B M P t c K '*; ' a® fait' '****i,*.£74k'<\‘ 5 > -, 4 v“ *i !I'j> l £ l&is Ul - -*ll r*i, $ r \ . j i m : ' , ' ■ \ s v g j I f • fe ,?jr k l ■ 5 $ r ■ - tkr ' , ' ^ ‘ f* - s&l jt:* IK' It*}; fxi'ymi^r- t la Hlirge • h a r l o t * .^thlB'^iiaiy, i t I o f ' Ajneidoa'and of w ith? the nea^by/islands,. for dbnirfdeicatlmi. Prao- ticaDy one-hall of the year’s crop oomes from seven republics of Latin America; adding to this the amount gipwn In, the de pendent countries ■' o f America, It Is evident that;, th e .,; W estern. Hemi- (sphere produces every year the larg- «er part .of the world's supply. The list Is again headed lly those friend ly rivals, Brazil and fiouador, on op posite sides <of the continent, but both south of the Equator; they al ways.. contribute a generous propor tion of .the annual crop, and lead or {follow one another closely, with commendable perseverance through the decades. Among the American (republics, third place in. 1 9 1 1 muBt the yielded to the Dominican repub lic, although Venezuela usually holds i t Thome, San (or Sao in Portu guese) Thome, according to some atlases and geographies, 1 b not to he oonfuBed with S t Thomas, In the W est Indies; It Is a small island be longing to Portugal, and lies only 166 miles from the African coast The area Is but 400 square miles, yet the cacao production is enor mous, and Thome cacao sometimes eets the pace and price in the mar kets. Africa, it would seem, has risen rapidly In importance since the beginning of the twentieth cen tury, for the Gold Coast, the Cam eroon (Kamerun), and Fernando Po have since that time become pro- y.r'jjifei r & t i Z Z A J S ' i {& 3 0 H to & & & ' C3SC3SCP ducers. Fernando Po, by the way, Is another small island, of only 780 square miles, not far from Africa. It was once Portuguese, but is now Spanish. The British possessions have become remark able producers ofrcacao in recent years. In the W est Indies they include Trinidad, Jamaica, Gren ada, St. Lucia and Dominica; in Africa the Gold Coast and Lagos, while In the far east is Ceylon, which seems to specialize in crops that appeal to the unalcoholic tastes of the modern. The principal constituents of the cacao bean are: (1) alkaloids; (2) starch and sugars;. (3) albuminous matters; (4) cacao butter, together with various mineral substances. The alkaloids a~i complex organic substances which are re sponsible for the stimulant effects of cacao; caf feine is one of them, but appears in leBser amount than in coffee or tea, and there is a variable quan tity of theobromine, which is not very unlike caf feine; starch is present in the proportion of about 7 to 10 per cent, while real sugar (glucose), at least in the bean itself, shows only about one-half of 1 per cent, although the starch may be con verted as preparation of cacao advances; albu minous matters about 8 to 12 per cent; fats, of which cacao butter is the essential, from 45 to something over 50 per cent; the mineral sub stances are phosphoric acid, potash and magnesia. Other analyses may be found or made, yet for practical purposes this statement Is accurate enough. There is a delicate substance called “cacao red,” which is a coloring matter, and this, with theobromine, is said to give to cacao its characteristic taste. Such proportions of nutrient ingredients are by no means a perfect food. It may be shown that 100 parts of cacao nibs contain heat givers equiva lent to 132 parts of starch, while the flesh form ers present amount to about 17 parts; or In other terms, one pound of cacao nibs is more than equal in flesh-forming constituents to 1 pound of lean mutton chop, but a pound o f cacao nibs can not he eaten or drunk at one time—it would be quite indigestible— so that np argument can be based upon its theoretic food value. The amount o f cacao butter, however important in Itself, 1 b also of little service in this connection, although It has other and much higher values In -com merce; it would therefore be wasted if reserved for food alone. The great advantage cacao has over similar substances, - where also experience fails to sup port theory, Is the fact that, In* the form of choco late, where the fats are retained, the pelatability and asBlmilabllity o f sugar mixed with-.' It are very much enhanced.’ N o t so many years ago the drink called chocolate ws& thought to be a -reckless dissipation for one who had no regard, for his or her stomach. To indulge in chocolate candy 'was quite as pernicious as to eat tomatoes, and with quite as much reason. Tomatoes;were onoe declared a-.poison, hut today they are considered in such toothsome morsels was ridiculed as a backslider from the lusty diet of red meat and potatoes, on which his pioneering ancestors had grown strong. What a difference the scientific study of dietetics hea brought about Sugar—that is, car bohydrates—is now acknowledged to he a normal part of human food; in certain circumstances a necessary part of it, and any way to get sugar into the Bystem so that it will be agreeably assim ilated 1 b to help nature to accomplish her proper ends. Tho carbohydrates are the accessory in gredients supplying energy to the body above that which may be obtained from the protelds. The harder the physical work an individual performs the mois proteid must he eat, and up to a cer tain point the less sugar does he require; hut in ordinary life the individual requires a dietetic mixture of protelds, fats, and sweets, while un der conditions in which muscular tissue has been rapidly exhausted sugar has the faculty of restor ing energy quickly, and therefore of making the heavier foods accomplish better results. The starchy foods like potatoes are useful in all dieta ries, but when immediate results are sought, Bugar must he used. Sugar is all right in Itself, and commercial statistics show that abundance of it is grown and consumed. Yet plain sugar In a dietary will not Invariably be acceptable to the human animal; he must have his taste as well aB his logic satisfied, and nothing makes sugar so agreeable as a due proportion of chocolate added. Ask any child what kind of candy he likes best, and the almost Invariable reply will be “chocolate candy;” ask an adult what kind of cake he prefers, and with a Somewhat ashamed remembrance of youthful days, when to Indulge In cake was a Beldom per mitted hut frequently clandestine luxury, the an swer Is “ chocolate cake.\ The schoolgirl makeB “ fudge\ as a proud and self-popularising accom plishment; the soda-water fountain would go into bankruptcy If the chocolate sundae were with drawn from the list of attractions, and a chocolate eclalre would be a common cream puff if the brown layer were scraped off the top. Chocolate candy is in some cases one of the first of solid foods offered (of course only under the physi cian's orders) to the convalescent from typhoid fever; and some armies supply the men in the field after a severe march, or those exposed to the exhaustion of the tropics, with chocolate •candy, by no means for the sole reason that it will If only for the time being overcome their homesickness, but for the very, dignified purpose of meeting their dietetic wants by Introducing sugar''mixed with chocolate into their systems. In Central America and Mexico the breakfast food'of the Inhabitants from prehistoric times has been a preparation of Indian, com .-with the produoe of the cacao-tree; this 1 b made Into a porridge called ‘t'iate,\ which-Is agreeable to\ the taste, and nourishing, for a i long'journey can be 'i> 0 ‘$ >roV€<* that the cacao product is one r ^ o f the best known associates of sugar. 1 “ As an inhabitant of the polar re- . talons craves a fat of some kind, and as another In the tropics enjoys his ' fruits and his hot peppers—both na ture hints in regard to diet—so the inhabitant in the temperate zone consumes sugar and is unharmed thereby, providing that there is no •overindulgence. That explains why so much Bugar Is carried from the tropics to the north; It is a food necessity. It explains also why the manufacturers of cacao and the chief consumers are in the coun tries where no production is carried on. Proximity to the consumers is a recognized rule in manufacturing. The United States heads the table •of cacao users, for the people num ber the moBt, but In proportion to population this country takes no 'more than its share. Germany, 'France and England consume an nually considerable quantities of cacao, but Holland and Switzerland use an amount far in excess of their inhabitants. Figured out In pounds per capita, the importation of cacao, for it amounts to that, is quite striking. The United States uses about one and one-half pourids of cacao each year for each inhabitant; Germany about three and two-thirds pounds; France, a little over one and one- half pounds; England, about one and one-fifth pounds; Holland, al most nine pounds; Switzerland, a lit tle over five pounds; and Spain not quite sIx-tenthB of a pound. Much of these quantities go into the prep aration of cacaos and chocolates to - used for beverages, but an ever- increasing total is manufactured di rectly into Bweets, dulces, and bon bons, thus distinguished according to the nationality of the people, or what is called candy in the United States. The United States imports quantities of cacao, choco late and confectionery from European countries, and itself exports quantltiess abroad, its markets including every country in America, even those in which cacao growing for export is an established industry. Ia may be prophesied that the time is coming when the supply of cacao will not equal the de mand. While there are untouched areas In Latin America, In Africa and the East Indies, yet this area is rather sharply defined and by nature lim ited. It is not so extensive as might be guessed by merely looking at the map, for the climatic factors of temperature and humidity must be favorable, or else the tree will not bear for com mercial profit, although within a few miles of suc cessful plantations. Probably America haB larger resources of virgin land than the reBt of the earth, and will always hold the lead in production. This should sorely be the case if improved methods of cultivation and transportation increase the yield and the profit from the crop. The area for cacao production, as has been stat ed, is limited, while population is growing at a rapid rate, and in addition the value of cacao is becoming recognized with greater clearness each year. As is the case, therefore, with other great staples of the world—for cacao must now be con sidered an agricultural staple—like meat, wheat, corn and cotton, the price is Blowly rising as a larger food supply; must be gathered for the world’s needs. By the middle of the century the result may be expected that the supply will be as proportionately meager in relation to population as It at present appears to he ample. Existence on a cacao plantation can be health ful and pleasant; it Is a tropical life, but the sur roundings may be made thoroughly agreeable, and the reward can surely equal the amount of energy expended. Much scientific study has of late years been given to the botanical characteristics of the cacao tree, the methods of propagating it, its diseases, ? .nd the best maimer of shipping and marketing he crop. Since the.success of the valorization control of coffee _ln Brazil, plans have been pro posed to valorlzerin Brazil, and Ecuador alBO,' so as to prevent violant fluctuations in price and to give growers some sense of security concerning values. The outcome of the plans can, however, be of only temporary commercial significance. The essential status of cacao In the world's food supply is hound to'become progressively more im portant a very. wholesomo vegetable. Chocolate was once - _ made; upon i t In some factories It is admitted ait .eso^^i&'d^lzaxTeCdrink, told, about by tray-- .. that 60 per cent of their chocolate is composed of elera-who'bad Ventured' into .Mexico or Spain, but sugar, and .that kthey„-really sell sugar flavored todayjSlt Is^ey^-fpHefed^ In the slckVroom, and, r . with chocolate Instead^ of chocolate flavored with a t ? f r o ' m > y h l c h . t h o fats*’ '.sugar; the-,.sweeter ^the;;article;!‘the?bettervft is w i U c e d ; w . , ' a l t h q u g b ^ ^ e ^ p w vi-^ g a V ^ d c la motjgettlhg what he ' KltlDLY MEANT Mrs. Jenkins—Mrs. Smith, we shall be neigh bors now. I havefbought a house next you, with a water frontage; y Mrs. Smith—So glad!. I hope you will drop in o some time.—Everybody's Magazine. t j > V ■\>>' \ AS TO AFFINITIES. —— . J-jjV-riV “Do you believegthat for every man in the world there is a ^certain' woman who is his real . . . . .. .............. „ ..affinity?'' . Js’jbjiytng. 'wo^|!,^Cy%nted‘,;'nei 7 er--f “No. There are^s^'e;. men who would never .’-.theieuw. '»af»weet5'^ocbtale;. anflj^3£'roie''!8' .'fttui* ? consent to he he^MckeWhy. ’ anvbodv.” '------' ' - 1 *\•\ “ ■ ' ........ . • - - •' - i f o r t f i e St>l I “7^ NEAT HOUSE FOft SONG BIRDS Made of Three Shallow Boxes Set at Angles Upon Each— Size May Depend Upon Taste. The picture Illustrates a neat and serviceable bird house. It is made of three shallow boxes set at angles upon each other, says a writer in American Boy. The size of the boxes depends upon your own taste. I think 18 inches square and 6 inches deep Is about right for each. In designing the house I intended 'it as a refuge for untamed birds and so made as many compartments as possible. Each of the shallow boxes is divided into four spaces, as shown in the illustra tion. The space “ p\ Is where the post comes up through the center. The perches and openings are cut out with a small circle saw. The roof is of tin or galvanized iron. It is made of four triangles lapped over each other and riveted. Two coats of Bteel gray point on the outside will add to the appearance of the house and make it weather resisting. It should be set upon a high post and made as inviting as possible for the feathered visitors. Remember that -H SM J pah 2 \think. •fltO* ^ d o n f k n o w - f T y f k t h e v * A Wild We-sT Show* (3 e c a u s ^ h e s a i d , he'd g’ot g 'r C - y H a i r ' S X t y t n f i o 1fce b e a T a n d G e a r s A Bird House. afl man has encroached upon the do main of the wild creatures only three courses were open to them; either to move to remoter regions, to adapt themselves to modern conditions or to die out altogether. The robin Is one of the species that has made the best •of things and tried to stay with ub . It Is interesting to study its habits and his shelter will aid you in doing so. Here are some things to discover for yourself. Do the robins arrive from the south singly or in flocks? Do the sexes migrate together? How long after the arrival does nest building begin? What is their food. Is it the same in various months? All these and a dozen more lines of inquiry will make the shelter interesting. AID AFFORDED TO SWIMMER Mitt Slipped Closely Over Fingers Prevents Flow of Water and Facilitates Stroke. A swimming mitt, having a body of a length and width to slip fairly closely over the four fingers of the hand, is shown in the illustration. Swimming Mitt. The purpose of the mitt is to make possible a more effective stroke iu swimming by preventing any flow of water between the fingers. Beaver's Work. The beavers not only cut down trees for the purpose of making dams, but also use the Bmaller branches as a storage supply of food for winter use, says a writer in Our Dumb Animals. The se branches, from two to four Inches In diameter, are cut Into lengths of two or three feet and then by wonderful engineering ability are carried beneath the water and into the beavers’ houses, or the burrows with which the bank of every beav er’s dam Is honeycombed. Here they are carefully stored. The green bark is the staple article of food throughout the winter. The dams are of varying height and length, according to the particular lo cation. I found a dam in Mesa coun ty, Colorado, which was just six feet from bottom to top and Impounded a body of water six feet or more in depth and covering an area of several acres. This dam was perfect in construction. It was composed entirely of willow bnshes, as no large timber grew In the vicinity. Could 8par« One. One day Charlie, age^ four, and his •baby sister were playing with some small marbles when one of them dis appeared and could not be found. Their mother asBiBted in the search and was very much alarmed, fearing the baby had swallowed It. “Oh, well, don’t worry about It mamma,\ said Charlie. “We’ve got enough marbles without i t \ Play and Display. Teacher—What is the difference be tween “play” and “display?” Bright.Boy—Boys love to play and tgfcrls love to display, BOYS ON A STOCK EXCHANGE Amsterdam Youths’ Privilege for Dis covery of Gunpowder Plot— En joyed Nearly 300 Years. Of the many quaint and curious customs, traditions and privileges pre vailing in Holland none is more ex traordinary than a certain privilege that has been enjoyed by the boys of Amsterdam for nearly 300 years, the Boston Evening Transcript remarks. At a fixed time each summer these boys gather by the hundreds in the great square called the Dam, situated in the center of the city. Each boy has a drum slung over his shoulder. Facing this square Is the stock ex change, and 09 the occasion in ques tion just aB Boon as the day’s business! is over as many of the boys as possi ble crowd into the building. They proceed to the floor of the exchange; where, pursuant to this old custom^ they are permitted to march about, singing and beating their drums. The origin of this custom, it is said, 1 b as follows: One afternoon of the year 1622 a crowd of boys playing In the Dam lost a ball in the canal that in those days Bkirted one side of the square. One of the ladB, while climbing in among the piles on which the building stood, found instead of his ball a boat moor ed in a dark corner and loaded with boxes of gunpowder. This showed clearly enough what was afterward) ascertained with certainty, the inten tion of the Spanish conspirators to blow up the stock exchange while It was crowded, as it was every day, 'with the leading citizens of the city. The boy who stumbled upon the gunpowder at once hurried to the town authorities with his news. The boatload of explosives was quietly sunk in the canal and the Spanish plot thus frustrated. , When the burgesses asked the boy what reward he desired for the serv ice he had rendered the town he re plied that so long as there was a stock exchange in Amsterdam the boys of the town would like to be permit ted to make the floor of the exchange their playground during a certain part of the year. The request was granted; and so the custom survives. PROMPTER IS ALWAYS HANDY Little Device Held in Hand Enables One to Deliver Long 8peech Without Trouble. Do you want to make a speech and have your audience think that you’re so all-fired smart that you can quote figures and facts without looking at any notes? There’s more ways than one. Outside of learning your speech \by heart,” the best device is the invention of a man in Australia. It consists simply of a small metal case, no larger than the metal matchbox used. A roller is at either end of the case and one of the rollers is folding with. Ever-Ready Prompter. paper on which appear the notes of speech. The box is held in the palm of the hand and people standing right beside the orator would never sus pect Its presence. The paper is un rolled either by pressure of the thumb or by the manipulation of a milled screw on one of the rollers. ..Tc® -•• .PriV Her Flowers Melted. Little Minnie, who had been spend-, ing the afternoon at a neighbor’s, waa presented with a bouquet of beautiful flowers. Upon q her arrival at horns her mother told her to put them In a vase filled with yrater and they would keep fresh for several days. A few dayb later Minnie appeared with the wilted flowers in her hand and. sald:< \I dess I’ll frow ’em away now, manK ma, ’cause they is all melted.” ; ; * *f'l m ‘ “ I I Low Down Dog. _ w.... Small Edna 'was' out walking w ltif ' her mother when a dog wlthunusually .’’I h f f i short legs passed them.; said Edna;' “ did you !erer,seo'1s^|iiCf^v‘ W m low down dog 'as<tbatt? »
